What is the function of the anti-lock braking system (ABS)?

The anti-lock braking system (ABS) is specifically designed to enhance vehicle safety during braking, particularly in emergency situations. Its primary function is to prevent the wheels from locking up during hard braking. When a driver brakes suddenly, especially on slippery surfaces, the potential for wheel lock-up increases, which can lead to a loss of steering control and increased stopping distance.

ABS utilizes sensor technology to monitor the speed of each wheel and, when it detects that one or more wheels are about to lock up, it automatically modulates brake pressure. This allows the driver to maintain steering control while still engaging the brakes effectively. The rapid pulsing of brake pressure helps to maximize the friction between the tires and the road surface, allowing the vehicle to stop more safely and maintain directional stability.

The other options do not align with the primary function of ABS. Fuel efficiency, engine power, and engine temperature control are not the roles of the braking system, making the first choice the only relevant and accurate answer regarding the function of ABS.